From the author: Citation link: Yuryeva T.V., Tolmacheva N.A. Correction of social functioning of patients with schizophrenia using origami // Personality potential: a complex problem: materials of the Tenth International. conf. (in absentia). April 29, 2011 / ed. V.N. Kosyrev; M-vol. and sciences of the Russian Federation, GOUVPO “Tamb. state University named after G.R. Derzhavina, 2011. pp. 142-148 Correction of social functioning of patients with schizophrenia using origami Yuryeva T.V., Tolmacheva N.A. Today, the most effective approach to the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia is considered to be comprehensive psychopharmacological and psychosocial assistance. Psychosocial methods are a necessary component of the rehabilitation process, which continues to be intensively developed and improved today. The problem of social adaptation of mentally ill people has recently been widely studied, but at the moment there are not enough practical developments. At the moment, art therapy is recognized as one of the mildest but most effective forms of working with mentally ill people, including schizophrenia. Among modern means and trends in art therapy, a relatively new promising direction - origami - is making itself known more and more clearly. The traditional Japanese art of origami - the construction of various paper figures by folding a square without cutting and gluing - is increasingly being integrated into world culture and science, becoming the subject of research by specialists in such fields as engineering, architecture, mathematics, technical design, pedagogy, practical psychology and art. therapy Nowadays, origami as a method of art therapy is successfully used in medical and rehabilitation practice by doctors of various specializations. The materials of the First International Conference “Origami in Pedagogy and Art Therapy” note the positive impact of origami classes in working with people with disabilities of hearing, vision, musculoskeletal system, patients of psychoneurological dispensaries, psychiatric hospitals, deaf-mutes, cancer patients, as well as in the social rehabilitation of drug addicts , alcoholics and prisoners. Numerous studies indicate that origami classes improve the quality of life of patients, reduce the level of anxiety, help to forget pain and grief, increase self-esteem, promote friendship, mutual assistance in a team, and help establish contact between the doctor and the patient [1]. Reasons for the success of the classes There is a lot of origami in art therapy and organizing leisure activities for patients in hospitals and rehabilitation centers. Origami has the following psychotherapeutic properties: - increases the activity of the right hemisphere of the brain and balances the work of both hemispheres; - increases the level of intelligence in general; - activates creative thinking; - increases and stabilizes the psycho-emotional state at a high level; - reduce anxiety and help to more easily adapt to difficult situations; - improve motor activity of the hands, develop motor skills of the fingers; - improve memory and eye [2]. Origami training and classes in rehabilitation centers do not require a lot of time or any special equipment. In most cases, you only need paper squares or A4 paper and basic knowledge of working in this technique. The development of new skills and abilities in the process of psychocorrectional work allows mentally ill people to participate more actively and independently in the life of society, expanding the range of their social and professional choices. Thus, art therapy, being an effective and accessible means of rehabilitation of mentally ill people, is widely used and is being researched and currently continues to be intensively developed and improved. However, the origami technique as a method of social adaptation of mentally ill patients has not yet been used, which emphasizes the relevance of this study. On the firstAt the stage of our research, the selection and diagnosis of subjects was carried out. The study of the quality of social functioning of patients with schizophrenia was carried out using the Bass-Darkey Aggression Test, the method of socio-psychological adaptation of Rogers and Diamond, and the method of studying anxiety by Spielberger and Khanin. Diagnostics showed the presence of an increased level of personal anxiety (in 70% of subjects), physical (in 50%) and indirect aggression (in 50%), and a low level of emotional comfort (in 60%). Thus, the need for correctional work was identified. At the second stage of the study, based on an analysis of the literature and existing art therapy programs and programs for working with mentally ill people, a program of correctional classes was drawn up using the origami technique, aimed at improving the social adaptation of patients with schizophrenia. The program consisted of 7 sessions and was aimed at reducing anxiety, improving the emotional state, developing skills in adequately perceiving the emotions of others, expressing one’s own emotions and, as a result, improving the social functioning of patients with schizophrenia. The implementation of the social adaptation program was carried out in the department of the Tambov Psychiatric Hospital. The practical significance of the program was that it provided an integrated approach to the correction of anxiety and impaired social adaptation, and also made it possible to make the psychocorrection process more complete, comprehensive and effective. Several methods of work were used in this program: art therapy; elements of the origami technique; relaxation exercises. The novelty of the program was the combination of art therapeutic techniques with origami techniques. This makes it possible for the client not only to realize his creative fantasies, but also to live them out - “play out in reality”, and also develop creative thinking, fine motor skills, memory, and logical thinking. The program provides the opportunity for participants to understand their place in the world around them and develop group interaction skills. The program of correctional classes using the origami technique included individual and group work. At the preliminary stage, in preparation for participation in the program, individual work was carried out. Contact was established with each patient, the current situation was clarified and the results of diagnostics of social functioning were discussed. Individual work consisted of two consultations with each group member individually before the start of classes (1st consultation - establishing contact and clarifying the situation, 2nd consultation - diagnosis and discussion of the results) and one consultation after group sessions (re-diagnosis). The group work consisted of conducting seven sessions with a group of patients with schizophrenia, aimed at improving their social adaptation (i.e. correction of the psycho-emotional state, reduction of self-esteem anxiety and development of an adequate level of aspirations, developing communication skills and expressing one’s own emotions). Folding origami figures aroused great interest among all participants. They noted that performing simple figures is interesting, it brings positive emotions, but it is difficult to remember the sequence of actions and the easiest way to do this is by repeating after the leader. As an indicator of joint group work, the participants came up with a “world” for their animals (tree, sun, grass, flowers ) and, with the help of the facilitator, depicted it on whatman paper, after which they optionally placed figurines of their animals on it. The course ended with a reflective conversation “how have we changed, what have we done?”, which was quite active; the participants noted that it became easier for them to communicate among themselves and with relatives, the mood became positively stable, even a little upbeat, and I also liked the communication in the group. And inactive participants, answering specific leading questions, told what they had learned, what they would try to take note of. Performance assessmentprogram was carried out through the analysis of the following indicators: - the patient’s ideas about what he learned during the group’s work; - assessment of changes in behavior and activity, emotional well-being given by relatives and medical staff; - joint performance of creative work; - repeated diagnosis of situational and personal anxiety using the Spielberger-Khanin technique, since, according to many researchers, it is associated with adaptability, is subject to rapid change and the research procedure is quite simple. At the end of the course and during the work, the medical staff noted a change in the behavior of patients - they became more contactable , the mood background leveled out. The group members themselves noticed that they began to communicate easier and more confidently with each other and with relatives, the mood became more even, stable and even a little upbeat, and they also liked the communication in the group. Another indicator of effectiveness was joint work done well and harmoniously. After the end of the program, a re-diagnosis of situational and personal anxiety was carried out (Table 1.). Table 1 Comparative table of results of primary and repeated diagnostics of anxiety Initial. result Repeated diagnosis Situational anxiety 41.939.7 Personal anxiety 47.744.3 Based on Table 1, we can see a decrease in indicators of situational and personal anxiety (average result for the group). Then a comparative analysis was carried out based on the Wilcoxon test (Table 2.). Table 2 Statistics of the Wilcoxon signed rank test c2 - c1l2 - l1Z-2.401(a)-2.714(a)Asympt. meaning (two-sided),016.007a Positive ranks are used.с – situational anxiety during the first (c1) and repeated (c2) study; l – personal anxiety during the first (l1) and repeated (l2) study. Statistical significance in both cases is less than 0.05 (0.16 and 0.07), this indicates the existence of significant differences between the results of the first and repeated tests (Table 3). Table 3. Ranks according to the Wilcoxon test N Average rank Sum of ranks c2 - c1 Negative ranks9(a)5.6150.50Positive ranks1(b)4.504.50Ties0(c) Total10 l2 - l1Negative ranks9(d)5.0045.00Positive ranks0(e),00.00Ties1(f) Total10 a c2 < c1;b c2 > c;1c c2 = c1d l2 < l1e l2 > l1f l2 = l1 Based on the table of ranks, it can be argued that the number of negative ranks (Negative Ranks) prevails over the number of positive ones (Positive Ranks), this indicates that the results of the subjects for the studied variables decreased. Summarizing the results of our analysis, it should be noted that the social adaptation program using the origami technique contributed to the reduction of situational and personal anxiety. Conclusions: Thus, at the first stage of the study, the selection and diagnosis of subjects was carried out, which showed the presence of an increased level of personal anxiety (in 70% of subjects), physical (in 50%) and indirect aggression (in 50%), a low level of emotional comfort ( 60%) and the need for correctional work. At the second stage, an art therapeutic program of correctional classes using origami elements was developed and carried out. The program consisted of 7 sessions and was aimed at reducing anxiety, improving the emotional state, developing skills for adequately perceiving the emotions of others, expressing one’s own emotions and, as a result, improving the social functioning of patients with schizophrenia. Testing the effectiveness of the social adaptation program showed significant differences in diagnostic results at the beginning and at the end of the study. This suggests that the program helps improve social adaptation. Literature: 1. Osadchuk, L.O. Origami lifestyle: origami in pedagogy and art therapy. / L.O. Osadchuk - Kyiv, 2006, p.54-60.2. Ostrun, N. Origami art therapy technique / website of the Moscow Origami Center - (http://www.origami.ru)3. Khaikin,.142-148