Schema therapy identifies five basic emotional needs. In those cases when we feel especially bad: abandoned, abandoned, unloved, misunderstood, unaccepted, ridiculous, wrong - one of them (or even more than one) is not satisfied. Below I will give a description of each of these needs, as well as reasons why problems might arise with it. In schema therapy, all concepts are closely related, and for each basic emotional need there is one domain - a group of schemas that can develop in a person when this need is frustrated. The domain name appears after the phrase “What frustration of this need may look like in childhood.” 1. Security and Attachment Each of us needs intimacy with others. In childhood, parents are primarily responsible for secure attachment; in adulthood, friends, partners, and relatives are responsible. We feel safe in relationships when we are loved, understood and accepted, when we are cared for, when we are empathized with, and, importantly, when all these characteristics are stable. This does not mean that our loved ones have to be nice to us 24/7, or that secure attachment does not include conflicts - but this should not violate the overall message: “I am with you, you are important to me, I love any of you.” How can it look like frustration (dissatisfaction) of this need in childhood: breakup and rejection. The child does not feel secure attachment when his parents, for example, are inconsistent in their manifestations of love and acceptance: today they are kind and caring, and tomorrow they are cold or throw a scandal, blaming the child for everything sins. Naturally, if his parents are not attentive to him at all, do not spend time with him, do not find the opportunity to talk about what worries him, he also feels rejected. What can we say about systematic psychological (or, even more so, physical and sexual) violence, when a child is humiliated, called names, his boundaries are ignored, etc.2. Autonomy and competence Each person, in addition to intimacy, also needs the ability to be independent, to feel like a separate, full-fledged unit. Those who can perform some actions and take credit for their results, who understand how they differ from other people, what they are strong at and what they are not so strong at. This is an important need not only in the context of solving many everyday tasks (from preparing food to performing work duties), but also in terms of self-determination. What frustration of this need may look like in childhood: impaired autonomy and activity. In order for this need to be satisfied, parents must encourage the child’s impulses to independence, act as mentors on this path, support and guide him. Accordingly, when parents overly control his actions (because “I’ll do it faster myself” or “what if he gets hurt”), the ability for autonomy and determination of one’s identity remains underdeveloped. The same thing happens if parents ridicule any child’s attempts to do something on his own, or blame him for any shortcoming. Or if, on the contrary, he is subject to disproportionately large obligations (for example, caring for a seriously ill or dependent parent, acting as a parent for younger brothers/sisters).3. Reasonable boundaries Each of us needs to be able to take into account the boundaries of other people. This need is about being able to fit organically into society, to be able to cooperate, negotiate, build healthy relationships, set realistic goals for yourself and achieve them. What frustration of this need may look like in childhood: broken boundaries A child develops problems with boundaries when parents do not they set the rules of behavior in the family, satisfy any of his desires, and forgive all wrongdoings without any constructive dialogue. The reasons for such connivance can be different: the only and/or long-awaited child, capriciousness and problems with boundaries among the parents themselves, or their problems with boundaries due to anxiety and=)