From the author: published for the first time In the modern world, where psychology and psychotherapy occupy a strong place in the culture of developed countries and are represented by many directions that differ in concepts and methodology, it is difficult to define oneself as a specialist (professional identity), and to the potential client, who is faced with the choice of a specialist and the direction in which the path of knowledge of his inner self lies ahead. This message does not pretend to be exhaustive information on this issue, but rather is an attempt to look at some of the most well-known directions in the light of their possible integration for improvement tools of psychologists and psychotherapists. I would like to start with the fact that even the most, at first glance, harmonious theory in the process of its development undergoes a lot of changes through contradictions discovered by practice. Suffice it to recall the history of psychoanalysis, where concepts have changed and are changing to this day in connection with the development of this directions. Fundamental to psychoanalysis, as all experts agree, is the complexity of thinking, the importance of unconscious mental processes and the importance of continuous inquiry in subjective experience. However, modern psychoanalysis has developed into a rather complex teaching with numerous differences, with many different theories and areas of knowledge existing in intricate and complicated relationships with each other. At the moment, it is difficult to find a psychoanalyst who would be familiar with more than one approach (for example, Kleinian, Lacanian, ego psychology, individual self-psychology.) It is known that Freud, in his views on the causes of psychopathology, changed his positions from ideas about the priority of trauma as a source of the child’s erroneous interpretation of factors of external influence, and later asserted the priority of the universality of conflicting drives. Infantile sexuality and the emphasis on the inevitable conflict nature of instinctive drives gave rise to many interconnected theories that turned the problem on the other side, again reflecting experiences. Which in turn redefined the concept of “trauma” from a single turning point in childhood into a chronic failure of parents to meet the psychological needs of a growing child..