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It’s no secret that parents are significant objects in a child’s life. It is they – mothers and fathers – who create a safe and favorable environment for personal growth and development. Thanks to our parents, we define boundaries, gain the first experience of social interaction, learn to make decisions and bear responsibility for them. It is extremely difficult to overestimate the importance of parents for children and their mutual influence. What happens when a child remains a child not only to mom and dad, but also mentally, emotionally and behaviorally? Where does this phenomenon come from and what can it lead to? The interaction between parents and children begins much earlier than they see each other. Even in the womb, the child feels a close connection with his mother; at this stage of ontogenesis they are a single whole. However, the postpartum stage of child development is accompanied by the need to move away from parents. As the psychophysiological distance between them increases, the child not only literally runs away, standing on his strong legs ready to run, but also strives to make the first conscious choice, even when it comes to choosing food or clothing. The peak of such distance occurs in adolescence and older adolescence. The child feels the need to defend his interests, make independent decisions, strives to be heard and demands that his opinion be taken into account. Internally, he feels like an adult, although he is not always fully aware of the degree of responsibility of an adult. It is at this stage that you can hear such phrases from parents: “he has become completely different,” “I don’t recognize my child,” “we don’t understand each other.” And this really is the case. The child moves to a qualitatively new stage of his development, requiring a restructuring of both the physiological structures of the body and the psychological and social components. As noted by L.I. Bozovic, older teenagers, being on the threshold of adult, independent life, are experiencing a completely new social situation of development. Gaining emotional independence from parents and other adults, gaining experience in making independent decisions, and the willingness to bear responsibility—all this is a feature of older adolescence. There is a restructuring of interpersonal relationships and a determination of the teenager’s place in them. Relationships with peers are personal in nature, allowing the teenager to take a position “on an equal footing,” while relationships with elders become personal and business-like, due to which autonomy and independence develop. How the teenager goes through this stage determines his future becoming a person. In an ideal version of development, the phenomenon of individual freedom, which is determined through its adoption of vital decisions, is formed due to the environment of this individual and internal readiness. However, such an ideal option does not always take place. We are often faced with a situation in which the interaction between parents and child is structured in such a way that it impedes the growth of the latter’s personality. At the same time, the teenager experiences conflicting feelings. On the one hand, he wants to gain freedom, feels the need to make decisions on his own, to make choices, without relying on the opinion of another. On the other hand, internal anxiety, fear of uncertainty and responsibility for decisions made force him to give preference to a safe and comfortable parental environment. The parent himself experiences very similar feelings. In an effort to protect their child and make his life path easier, parents unconsciously support earlier forms of parent-child relationships with him, while preserving childish qualities in the teenager. In addition, the fear of losing close contact and trusting relationships with the child also leads to the need to maintain a form of behavior in which the teenager is in dire need of support, help and advice from others.., 1994

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